IN the cadence of international climate conferences, the urgency is evident and a stark acknowledgment that, despite the numerous gatherings and impassioned rhetoric, the world remains balanced on the brink of climate catastrophe as described by UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres that the era of global warming has ended and “the era of global boiling has arrived”. The recent news of the world’s largest Antarctic iceberg, A23a, shifting for the first time in over three decades serves as a chilling reminder that while discussions unfold, the very foundations of our planet are undergoing irreversible transformations. The need to change our direction is clear, as each conference is not just a meeting but a facing up to the results of our ongoing inaction.

The COP, short for Conference of the Parties, convenes nations and regional entities to address climate action under the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement. With the COP28 set to commence in Dubai within a few days, the stakes are higher than ever. Anticipated to host more than 70,000 delegates, this gathering is poised to be a pivotal moment for nations, with a crucial agenda item being the first global stock-taking of climate action under the Paris Agreement.

This stock-taking is designed to assess the collective progress towards achieving the purpose of the Paris Agreement and its long-term goals, which include cutting greenhouse gas emissions, building resilience to climate impacts, and fostering international cooperation for climate action. This year’s COP will also focus on fast-tracking the move to clean energy sources, “slashing” greenhouse gas emissions before 2030, and operationalising the agreed decision of establishing a loss and damage fund at the COP27, ensuring its efficient implementation to address the urgent needs of vulnerable communities, especially in developing countries including Malaysia.

In addition to the formal negotiations and high-level meetings, the COP28 will also provide a platform for various stakeholders, including civil society organisations, businesses, and youth groups, to showcase their initiatives and commitments towards climate action. The conference will feature numerous side events, exhibitions, and forums, offering opportunities for knowledge sharing, networking, and collaboration. These diverse voices and contributions are essential for driving momentum and fostering a sense of collective responsibility in addressing the climate crisis. As the world looks towards the COP28, there is a growing sense of urgency and determination to confront the challenges of climate change with solidarity and resolve.

Malaysia, especially in the last decade, has witnessed the consequences of climate change on its doorstep. From extreme weather events to rising sea levels and disruptions to agriculture, the effects are tangible. Three key areas that need to be given focus for Malaysia include prioritising the needs of children and youths. Despite the significant progress made by countries like Malaysia in transitioning to a low-carbon future, a critical gap persists in many nations’ climate policies which is the lack of representation from children and youth. It is essential for nations to recognise the importance of engaging young people in climate discussions and decision-making processes, as they will be the ones most affected by the consequences of climate change.

Recognising the unique position of young people as the ones most affected by the repercussions of climate change, there is a growing call for their active inclusion in decision-making processes. This goes beyond token representation and emphasises meaningful engagement, where their voices are not only heard but also incorporated into policy frameworks. For instance, through the establishment of a National Children and Youth Committee on Climate Change that could serve as a dedicated platform for the younger generation to voice their concerns, actively participate in climate decision-making, and contribute to initiatives aimed at reducing carbon emissions and adapting to climate impacts as well as integrating the perspectives of children and youth into the national discourse on climate action.

There must also be more emphasis on integrating climate education into school curricula and empowering the younger generation with the knowledge and tools to contribute actively to sustainability. This is because education plays a pivotal role in shaping attitudes and behaviours, and by instilling a strong foundation of environmental awareness in the youth, nations can cultivate a generation that is not only conscious of the challenges but also equipped to be part of the solutions.

On the other hand, the impact of climate change on children and youth extends beyond long-term consequences, encompassing immediate health challenges. Climate change heightens existing health vulnerabilities, exposing young people to diseases, malnutrition, and mental health issues. Climate-induced extreme weather events can contribute to the spread of diseases, disrupt healthcare services, and compromise access to clean water and nutrition while the psychological toll of living in a world marked by environmental uncertainty can have lasting effects on the mental well-being of the youth. Addressing these immediate health impacts requires a comprehensive approach, encompassing both mitigating the causes of climate change and adapting healthcare systems to respond effectively. This underscores the interconnectedness of climate, health, and social well-being, emphasising the need for holistic strategies to safeguard the health and future of children and youth.

Furthermore, Malaysia should also put more focus on protecting indigenous people’s rights, considering Malaysia’s rich biodiversity and the vital role of indigenous communities. This involves acknowledging their traditional knowledge and practices in maintaining environmental equilibrium. Malaysia should address challenges such as land encroachment and resource exploitation, ensuring the rights to land, self-determination, and cultural preservation. In all future endeavours, Malaysia must commit to inclusive policies involving indigenous communities as partners in conservation efforts, ensuring their voices are heard and contributions recognised.

Last but not least, Malaysia should also focus on inclusive and sustainable climate finance mechanisms. The transition to a sustainable future demands significant financial investment, especially for businesses and young entrepreneurs adopting eco-friendly practices. Malaysia should advocate for mechanisms supporting these entities, such as green loans, grants, and financial instruments prioritising environmentally conscious projects. By fostering an environment where businesses and entrepreneurs are incentivised to adopt sustainable practices, Malaysia can accelerate the global shift towards a green economy. Recognising the financial challenges faced by developing nations, Malaysia should promote international cooperation to establish mechanisms ensuring equitable access to climate finance.

The COP28 is an opportune moment to bring together the government, youth, and expert perspectives to chart a course toward a more sustainable and resilient future. The challenges are immense, but with proactive measures and initiatives in place, there is a tangible sense of hope that Malaysia can emerge as a guiding light of progress in the global fight against climate change. It is noteworthy that Malaysia will have one of its biggest delegations at the COP this year, with Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim Ibrahim scheduled to attend and deliver a national statement during the high-level segment, emphasising the country’s dedication to tackling global climate challenges.

While the COP28 marks a pivotal moment for Malaysia to assert its commitment to climate action and call for international support, it is crucial to recognise that this conference is not the end of the road. The real work lies beyond the discussions and negotiations in Dubai, extending into the diligent implementation of policies, collaborative efforts across borders, and a steadfast commitment from all stakeholders to ensure a sustainable and climate-resilient future for generations to come. – November 29, 2023.

* Mogesh Sababathy is Project Ocean Hope co-founder.